Monday, October 15, 2012

Is winning the lottery became a happier person

Happiness is a poorly defined concept, in part because it has many different components. But psychologists are able to happiness by the people to ask numerical scores to a number of adjectives or phrases together give statistically valid measures of subjective well-being equivalent to a number of different definitions of happiness measure. Some studies make a distinction between affective and cognitive components of subjective reflects the one hand, and our mood, on the other side of our assessment of the quality of our lives. Many studies to assess happiness, just ask the people to evaluate their happiness on a single scale. Others advocated for a scale as life satisfaction, which indicates whether a person has reached its ideal state, living conditions, and measures change if nothing is known about his life. This scale has been validated and credible in the psychological literature, which is used worldwide and reflects the Government concerns about the quality of life. Happiness and abundance of wealth make us happier if it allows us to achieve our personal goals, we expect a strong relationship between income and happiness. However, previous research on the relationship between income and the change in the income of poor results or inconclusive. For example, in international exhibitions of all the positive correlation between income and subjective well-being, but they found no such correlation in the United Kingdom. These studies have been almost exclusively based on the wages that have measured a relatively narrow range in which to happiness. An alternative is the impact of the manna in the form of pools or lottery wins football happiness levels compared to people with similar backgrounds who did not get to explore a godsend. Inevitably, there are few studies of this kind lottery winners were happier than the control group. Questions in the form of "Have you changed your lifestyle in any way, since you won?". As a measure of happiness, respondents were asked to assess how happy they were on a scale of 6 points (0 = very dissatisfied, 6 = very satisfied) at this stage of their lives. Although the lottery winners found in this study that the victory was a very positive event in their lives, only 23% reported that their whole way of life had changed. Winners of the lottery have given an average score of 4.00 compared to an average happiness of 3.82 in the control group. However, their sample was relatively small (22) with wins can not quite mostly small enough to change the life (7 earned $ 1,000,000, $ 400,000 ₩ 6, $ 300,000 ₩ ₩ 2 and $ 3 50,000). For example, although lottery winners were a bit happier than the group, compared to the small size of the sample is small successes and lack of sophistication of the scale that the results were not statistically significant. Inevitably, the study includes a series of winning the lottery or pools that may be used to study the effect of lottery wins subjective. includes a questionnaire of general health is often interpreted as a measure of mental health and well being. Although this survey to win a large sample size of the lottery were relatively low and it is unlikely that substantial changes in life events. they shared the sample into those who gained nothing, win small (less than € 1000) and the winner of the large (more than 1000). The average gain for the winner was a small single room £ 70.50 and the big winners of the half was £ 4300. Maximum gain in the sample was £ 117,000. However, this study showed an improvement in mental well-being following medium to large (relatively) windfall. Interestingly, there was a decline in well-being immediately after a victory, but the improvement of animal welfare organizations comparison. A key element is that the most victories were enough to drastically change your life. Many of the report's sociological, indefinite interviews. Respondents living in "Smart Homes" in "neighborhoods up" leads to "smart" and often took vacations at that time were considered exotic. Most have early retirement, but continue to see the same group of friends rather than in "high culture". Interestingly, at some point in voting behavior closely linked to the class and income, tend winners pools change their votes Conservative. To get an idea of ​​how wealth and lifestyle will be caused by the respondents were asked what type of house in which city and postal code (lottery winners have also asked where he lived) lived. He also asked about the frequency of holiday and vacation destinations and past and current occupations. Because happiness is thought to be linked to health. Also the question of the frequency with which respondents took exercise, visited their GP, drank alcohol and smoked The responses were of 34 and 40 winners will receive lottery winners with similar demographic profiles for comparison. Marital status of the respondents in previous studies Married people report greater happiness than those who have never been married or divorced, separated or widowed. People who are affected or partners also report higher levels of happiness than those who live alone (Mastekaasa, 1995). Marital status of the two samples are presented in. In previous studies, married people report greater happiness than those who have never been married or divorced, separated or widowed. People who are affected or partners also report higher levels of happiness than those who live alone. Marital status of the two samples are presented in the geographic location of respondents Because we value the relationship between geography and the happiness that asked respondents to indicate where they lived at the time of his lottery win and wanted to investigate where more later. It should be noted that lottery winners in the vicinity of the city, where they had lived before winning the lottery are less - not indicated a change in the surface and the majority remained in the same city post. Occupation Both the control group and the lottery winners were invited to give their current employment and wages. We also asked lottery winners if they remained in their previous work, retire or take a new one. Occupations were coded according to the National Bureau of Statistics definition methodology of sociology-economic status. Changes in the victory of the occupation, age and clearly lottery winning the lottery changes the lives of people in terms of their profession. Only 19% are still working in their previous jobs, and they tend to make less money. Those who chose more victories to remain in their current jobs also tend to have higher occupational status. Others tend to work on your own or as part of a company that bought them. They are of small wins and a lower status in the workplace. Respondents who do not work not because of his lottery winnings tend to earn more money. The older simple pre-retirement (only two participants preferred the victory). Youth reported that their activity as 'none'. Respondents in the lowest two categories are derived from socio-economic groups. A small number of respondents reported that their profession has become a housewife, which means it could be better in the 'none' category could be classified. These are generally younger and have received relatively high profits. We asked show lottery winners invest, what investment you made with your lottery winnings. Response rates are shown mostly invested in stocks and shares. About a third said that nothing react or not. Twenty percent invested in any type of business. Lottery winners life and health and the control group were asked to provide information on a limited number of indicators of lifestyle, which are known to lead to happiness and subjective well-being in relation. One obvious use case money and potential determinant of happiness is the kind of house a person lives in. Winners will be asked what type of house that they lived before the lottery win and what kind of home you are living now. shows the percentage of respondents in each type of housing compared to the national average. Housing allocation for lottery winners before winning the lottery is similar to the national average and the peer group. A marked change after a lottery win is the passage of a house. It is interesting that those who live in the same house or reported already own a townhouse or winning the lottery is very young. It should also be noted that the vast majority still live in the same city postcard, even if you bought a new house. Frequency holiday more obvious use of money and potential determinant of happiness is the frequency, move the people on vacation. We asked lottery winners often is to win before and after the lottery. The results are shown in Table 2.3.2, and show that before winning the lottery respondents had on average a similar number of vacation days per year for the control group. Since he won the lottery defendant now an average of three days per year, with 35% of respondents at least four days per year. One could travel destinations lottery winners expected to exotic locations and may be more expensive than the comparison group. Displays destinations lottery winners before his victory after victory and the comparison group. Although lottery winners more holidays than ever, and more than the control group, were more adventurous in terms of aim in the comparison group. In fact, do not appear to the lottery winners "have seen the world and most of the parties seem to favor the EU. Could hypothesis that lottery winners are buying second homes in the Mediterranean region. Respondents practice, GP visits, smoking and drinking were asked how often they visited a doctor, took alcohol exercise, smoking and alcohol consumption. frequency of exercise and GP visits adequate indicators of well-being are subjective. If people have more free time, then it is likely that exercise and this can lead to increased happiness lead is. logical consequence, and given lottery winners are not likely to be a poor environment in work that they are less likely to medical treatment require. confirmed this hypothesis. less lottery winners in the comparison group reported under any exercise at all. Similarly, lottery winners were more likely to never .. medical attention as a comparison group of tobacco and alcohol are known to correlate with a low income and stress If this is the case, then we would expect to win the lottery drink and smoke less than the control group comparison group supports Table 2.3.4 - .. 18% of lottery winners dispense alcohol, compared to only 8% in the control group at the other end of the scale, nearly two-thirds of the group took control of alcohol more than once a week compared. approximately one-third of lottery winners. Results were less positive for smoking, although neither the lottery winner or group data fit compared to national statistics. scale of life satisfaction is the primary measure of psychological happiness of this investigation. also asked if their lottery winnings were happy and thus show why. findings indicate that the vast majority of lottery winners are happier as a result of his victory, and those reasons are spending especially with less pressure and more time with their families. satisfaction and professional life Is it true that if happiness is related to a professional group? If the Lottery differently to people of different occupational groups? These data are presented in. The data drawn from our study did not show a clear trend to the lottery winners or the comparison group. extent to win the lottery and the satisfaction of life to what extent the size of a lottery gain influence life satisfaction shows? how a person earns lottery happy with life shows a clear upward trend. Panel A shows the triumph of respondents lottery, whose average life satisfaction is divided into four categories. panel B, the linear relationship shown between Respondents who won the lottery and scored SWLS. panels C and group D show the same relationship to hedonic wage control group treadmill show earlier studies that the receipt by a stroke of luck, like winning the lottery results in an initial increase in happiness, but a certain number of years, the levels of happiness set point (the level of a person's basic happiness.) To test this hypothesis, we measure happiness correlates with the number of years since obtaining the lottery Unlike previous studies and ideas to To find the opposite: luck increases with the number of years since winning the lottery This suggests that people adapt well to their new lifestyle's age and previous survey shows that life satisfaction with life and happiness shows. a slight decrease with age. Yet there is some evidence that the decline is eliminated and the reversal of such factors as health and income are controlled. show data from our study show that lottery winners are happier when they are older, contrasts sharply with the control group showed a significant decrease in happiness with age. Bourbon 10 (unhappy) to 50 (excellent). 9 lines satisfaction (very dissatisfied) to 45 (excellent). winners Lottery were measures a bit happier than the control group but not of satisfaction. This pattern of results confirms the interpretation of life survey as a measure of happiness. certain elements and the frequency responses are presented in the appendix.